Lesson 9 - Grammar 2 - Passé composé (auxiliary avoir)
Examples: |
---|
Qu'avez-vous fait pendant le week-end? |
Avez-vous choisi votre dessert? |
A past tense called the Passé Composé is composed of the present of the auxiliary avoir (to have) or être (to be) followed by a past participle.
In this lesson, we are going to study the Passé Composé of the verbs conjugated with the auxiliary ‘avoir’. Here is a list of all such verbs which have occurred so far and the past participle form of each.
Infinitive / Infinitif | Past participle / Participe passé | English / Anglais |
---|---|---|
accepter | accepté | to accept |
acheter | acheté | to buy |
aimer | aimé | to like, to love |
appeler | appelé | to call |
apporter | apporté | to bring |
assurer | assuré | to insure |
changer | changé | to change |
chercher | cherché | to look for, to seek |
commencer | commencé | to begin, to start |
composer | composé | to compose, to dial |
compter | compté | to count, to intend |
couper | coupé | to cut |
coûter | coûté | to cost |
critiquer | critiqué | to criticize |
décrocher | décroché | to pick up the receiver |
déjeuner | déjeuné | to have lunch |
demander | demandé | to ask |
déposer | déposé | to drop off |
déranger | dérangé | to bother, to disturb |
désirer | désiré | to desire, to wish |
donner | donné | to give |
écouter | écouté | to listen |
emporter | emporté | to take away, along |
enregistrer | enregistré | to check in, to register, to record |
envoyer | envoyé | to send |
espérer | espéré | to hope |
essayer | essayé | to try |
exagérer | exagéré | to exaggerate |
fermer | fermé | to close |
geler | gelé | to freeze |
habiter | habité | to reside, to live |
laisser | laissé | to leave |
laver | lavé | to wash |
louer | loué | to rent |
manquer | manqué | to miss |
marcher | marché | to walk |
montrer | montré | to show |
neiger | neigé | to snow |
nettoyer | nettoyé | to clean |
oublier | oublié | to forget |
parler | parlé | to speak |
payer | payé | to pay |
penser | pensé | to think |
peser | pesé | to weigh |
porter | porté | to carry |
pousser | poussé | to push, to grow |
présenter | présenté | to present, to introduce |
prier | prié | to pray |
quitter | quitté | to leave |
raccrocher | raccroché | to hang up |
recommander | recommandé | to recommend, to register |
regarder | regardé | to look, to watch |
remercier | remercié | to thank |
réparer | réparé | to repair |
repasser | repassé | to iron, to come back again |
répéter | répété | to repeat |
retrouver | retrouvé | to meet, to find again |
réveiller | réveillé | to wake |
risquer | risqué | to run the risk |
téléphoner | téléphoné | to telephone |
travailler | travaillé | to work |
traverser | traversé | to cross |
trouver | trouvé | to find |
atterrir | atterri | to land |
choisir | choisi | to choose |
finir | fini | to finish |
grandir | grandi | to grow up |
grossir | grossi | to gain weight |
maigrir | maigri | to lose weight |
obéir | obéi | to obey |
pâlir | pâli | to become pale |
ralentir | ralenti | to slow down |
remplir | rempli | to fill out, up |
réussir | réussi | to succeed |
rougir | rougi | to blush |
suivre | suivi | to follow |
vieillir | vieilli | to grow old, to get old |
conduire | conduit | to drive, to lead |
dire | dit | to tell, to say |
traduire | traduit | to translate |
comprendre | compris | to understand |
mettre | mis | to put |
permettre | permis | to allow |
prendre | pris | to take |
transmettre | transmis | to transmit |
entendre | entendu | to hear |
répondre | répondu | to answer |
vendre | vendu | to sell |
avoir | eu | to have |
boire | bu | to drink |
connaître | connu | to know |
croire | cru | to believe, to think |
devoir | dû | to have to, to owe |
falloir | fallu | to have to, to be necessary |
lire | lu | to read |
plaire | plu | to please |
pleuvoir | plu | to rain |
pouvoir | pu | to be able to |
recevoir | reçu | to receive |
retenir | retenu | to reserve, to hold back |
savoir | su | to know |
voir | vu | to see |
vouloir | voulu | to want |
ouvrir | ouvert | to open |
faire | fait | to do, to make |
être | été | to be |
1. SP + avoir + past participle
French / Français | English / Anglais |
---|---|
j'ai parlé |
I spoke / I've spoken |
tu as parlé | you spoke / you've spoken (singular) |
il a parlé (elle, on) | he spoke / he has spoken (she, one) |
nous avons parlé | we spoke / we have spoken |
vous avez parlé | you spoke / you've spoken (plural) |
ils ont parlé (elles) | they spoke / they've spoken |
2. SP + ne + avoir + pas + past participle
French / Français | English / Anglais |
---|---|
je n'ai pas parlé |
I didn't speak |
tu n'as pas parlé | you didn't speak (singular) |
il n'a pas parlé (elle, on) | he didn't speak (she, one) |
nous n'avons pas parlé | we didn't speak |
vous n'avez pas parlé | you didn't speak (plural) |
ils n'ont pas parlé (elles) | they didn't speak |
3. avoir + SP + past participle?
French / Français | English / Anglais |
---|---|
ai-je parlé? |
did I speak? |
as- tu parlé? | did you speak? (singular) |
a-t-il parlé? (elle, on) | did he speak? (she, one) |
avons-nous parlé? | did we speak? |
avez-vous parlé? | did you speak? (plural) |
ont-ils parlé? (elles) | did they speak? |
4. ne + avoir + SP + pas + past participle?
French / Français | English / Anglais |
---|---|
n'ai-je pas parlé? |
didn't I speak? |
n'as- tu pas parlé? | didn't you speak? (singular) |
n'a-t-il pas parlé? (elle, on) | didn't he speak? (she, one) |
n'avons-nous pas parlé? | didn't we speak? |
n'avez-vous pas parlé? | didn't you speak? (plural) |
n'ont-ils pas parlé? (elles) | didn't they speak? |
Note : As we have indicated before in lesson 8, Grammar 1, some past participles are also used as adjectives:
French / Français | English / Anglais |
---|---|
un paquet recommandé | a registered package |
As such, they follow the same rules as the adjectives and agree in gender and number with the noun they modify.