Learning French online (French Grammar lessons)

Welcome to our online French grammar lessons!

All our online French lessons are free. French language grammar is fairly similar to that of other Romance languages:

• As in most Romance languages, French phrases follow a strict Subject – Verb – Object word order.

•  Nouns, adjectives and determiners will be modified according to grammatical gender (Feminine or Masculine) and grammar number (Singular or Plural)

• Getting past French verbs is one of the main difficulties for French language learners: French verbs can be modified according to gender (masculine or feminine), number (singular or plural), tense (In French, they are 3 main tenses: past, present, future) mood (In French, there are 4 moods: indicative, imperative, conditional and subjunctive) and voice (in French, they are 3 main voices: active / passive / middle or reflexive).

• As all other Romance languages, the French language has 2 types of articles: definite and indefinite.

These French grammar lessons are designed to help beginning and intermediate French students in studying, practicing or reviewing various aspects of French grammar.

They have been designed to work with the French language course for beginners  and intermediate French language lessons available on this website but these French grammar lessons can also be studied independently or be used as a tool for quick reference and review of a particular aspect of French grammar such as French nouns, French pronouns, French verbs, French conjugation, French adjectives, etc.

Our online French grammar lessons will enable all French language learners to quickly develop, improve or review their knowledge of French grammar. French grammar explanations have been kept simple and many French phrases (with sounds) have been provided so that you can naturally learn French grammar through examples.

We hope you enjoy learning French grammar with us!

• Nouns and determiners (Noms et determinants)
• Pronouns (Pronoms) 
• Adverbs (Adverbes) 
• Prepositions (Prépositions) 
• Adjectives (Adjectifs) 
• Comparative and superlatif (Comparatif et superlatif) 
• Verbs (Verbes) - Present tense - Indicative mood 
• Mood and tense 
• Interrogative constructions (Questions) 
• Negative constructions (La négation) 
• Numbers (Nombres)

Nouns and determiners (Noms et determinants)

• Definite articles (articles définis): le, la, l', les
• Indefinite articles (articles indéfinis): un, une, des 
• Cardinal numbers (nombres cardinaux) : 1-19 
• Demonstrative determiners (déterminants démonstratifs) : ce, cet, cette, c’ 
• Possessive determiners (déterminants possessifs) 
• Partitive articles (articles indéfinis): du, de la , des, etc. 
• Indefinite determiners (déterminants indéfinis) 1 
• Indefinite determiners (déterminants indéfinis) 2: Aucun, Aucune (none, not a single one) 
• Determiners in negative constructions 
• Expanded noun phrases 
• Expressions of quantity (expression de quantités) 
• Expressions of quantity with ‘en’ (expression de quantités avec ‘en’) 
• Tout, toute, tous, toutes 

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Pronouns (Pronoms)

• Subject pronouns (pronoms sujets) 
• Subject pronoun (pronom sujet) ‘ce’ 

• Object pronouns (pronoms objets) 
• Object pronouns (pronoms objets) : ‘lui’, ‘leur’ 
• Object pronoun (pronom objet): ‘en’ 
• Object pronoun (pronom objet): ‘y’
• Order of object pronouns 
• Object pronouns in infinitive verb phrases 
• Essential object pronouns 

• Relative pronouns (pronoms relatifs) 
• Relative pronouns after a preposition (pronom relatif après une préposition)
• Relative pronouns ‘dont’ (pronom relatif ‘dont’) 

• Interrogative pronouns (pronoms interrogatifs) 
• ‘lequel’, ‘laquelle’, etc. as interrogative pronouns
  

• Stressed pronouns (les pronoms toniques) 
• Possessive pronouns (pronoms possessifs) 
• Indefinite pronouns (pronoms indéfinis) : ‘rien’, ‘personne’ 
• Demonstrative pronouns (pronoms démonstratifs) 
• ‘C’est’ and ‘Il est’ 

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Adverbs (Adverbes)

• Adverbs (adverbes) 
• Other adverbs (autres adverbs) 
• Negative adverbs (adverbes négatifs): ne … pas 
• Other negative adverbs (autres adverbes négatifs) 

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Prepositions (Prépositions)

• Prepositions (prépositions) - à, à la, au , à l’, aux
• Prepositions (prépositions): chez / à 
• Prepositions followed by interrogative pronouns (prépositions suivies d’un pronom interrogatif) 
• Verb + preposition + noun (verbe + préposition + nom) 
• Verb + preposition + infinitive (verbe + préposition + verbe à l'infinitif) 
• Relative pronouns after a preposition (pronom relatif après une préposition) 

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 Adjectives (Adjectifs)

• Adjectives – Part 1 – Forms (adjectifs – 1ere partie – les formes) 
• Adjectives – Part 2 - Positions (adjectifs – 2nde partie – positions) 
• de + adjective + noun plural 

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Comparative and superlatif (Comparatif et superlatif)

• Regular comparative and superlative (comparatif et superlatif – formes régulières)
•  Irregular comparatives and superlatives (comparatif et superlatif - formes irrégulières) 

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Verbs (Verbes) - Present tense - Indicative mood

1.  Regular Verbs

• Verb ending in ER

• Verbs with infinitive ending in – ER 


• Verbs ending in -IR


• Regular verbs ending in –IR 
• Some verbs ending in –IR (like partir – to leave’)
• Verbs like ‘ouvrir’ (to open) 


• Verbs ending in -RE


• Regular verbs ending in -RE :  verbs like ‘vendre’ 
• Verbs ending in -IRE 
• Verbs like ‘mettre’ (to put, to put in) 
• Verb like ‘prendre’ (to take)
• Verbs like ‘craindre’ (to fear) 


• Verb ending in - OIR

• Verbs: pouvoir, vouloir, savoir
• Verbs like ‘recevoir’ (to receive) 

2. Special verbs

• Impersonal verbs (verbes impersonnels)
• Pronominal verbs (verbes pronominaux)

3. Common irregular verbs

• The verb: ‘être’ (to be) 
• The verb: ‘avoir’ (to have) 
• The verb: ‘aller’ (to go) 
• The verb: ‘faire’ (to do, to make) 
• Verbs like 'venir' (to come) 
• Verbs like ‘écrire’ (to write) 

4. Verb phrases

• Infinitive verb phrases 
• Object pronouns in infinitive verb phrases
• Verb + preposition + infinitive (Verbe + préposition + verbe à l'infinitif) 

5. Verbs review

• Verbs review (Révision des verbes) 

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Mood and tense

1. Indicative mood

• Present tense (see verbs)

• French past tense 

• The most common French past tense : le passé composé (auxiliary avoir) 
•  The most common French past tense : le passé composé (auxiliary être)
• Agreement of past participle (accord du participe passé) 
• Another French past tense: Imperfect (l’imparfait) 
• Le passé composé VS l'imparfait 
• Pluperfect and past conditional (plus-que-parfait et conditionnel passé) 

• French future tense 

• French future tense (le futur) 

 2. The imperative mood

• Imperatives (l’impératif) 

3. The conditional mood

• French conditional mood (le conditionnel)
• Pluperfect and past conditional (Plus-que-parfait et conditionnel passé) 

 4. The subjunctive mood

• The subjunctive (le subjonctif)- Step 1 and 2
• The subjunctive (le subjonctif)- Step 3 
• The subjunctive (le subjonctif)- Step 4
• The subjunctive (le subjonctif)- Step 5 
• The subjunctive (le subjonctif)- Step 6 
• The subjunctive (le subjonctif)- Step 7

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Interrogative constructions (Questions)

• Inversion questions 
• Yes / No questions 
• Question words
• Interrogative pronouns (pronoms interrogatifs) 
• ‘lequel’, ‘laquelle’, etc. as interrogative pronouns 
• Prepositions followed by interrogative pronouns (prépositions suivies d’un pronom interrogatif) 

Negative constructions (La négation)

• Negative adverbs (adverbes négatifs): ne … pas
• Other negative adverbs (autres adverbes négatifs) 
• special expressions: ‘ne … que’ 
• Aucun, aucune (none, not a single one) 
• Determiners in negative constructions 

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Numbers (Nombres)

• Cardinal numbers (nombres cardinaux) : 1-19
• Numbers to 100 (nombres jusqu’à 100)
• Large Numbers (grands nombres) 

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